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VPN brands

Explore provider profiles with official sources, account models, documented client code and protocol information. These are reference records; they do not contain unperformed tests or numerical rankings.

Four evidence areas for VPN brand research: official sources, client code, audit scope, and test evidence.
Record official sources, client code, audit scope, and test evidence with dates and limitations.
Compare VPN providers
E

ExpressVPN

The developer of Lightway, with a published protocol core and implementation documentation.

Brand profile
I

IVPN

A provider documenting email-free accounts and open-source clients.

Number-based accountMain client repositories
Brand profile
M

Mullvad

A number-based account model, without an email requirement at registration.

Number-based accountMain client repositories
Brand profile
N

NordVPN

A VPN provider with desktop and mobile applications and a broad feature catalogue.

Brand profile
P

Proton VPN

A provider with a documented free plan and open-source applications.

Free planMain client repositories
Brand profile
S

Surfshark

A VPN provider whose platform-specific features should be checked in its official documentation.

Brand profile